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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Colon Cancer, Signs and symptoms early stage usually no s/s, Underlying Pathophysiology tumors tend to grow slowly and remain asymptomatic for long periods of time, Diagnostic Findings fecal occult blood test presence of blood in stools, Treatment/ Interventions enema used to clean the bowel and decrease abdominal and perineal cavity contamination, Treatment/ Interventions radiation therapy, Signs and symptoms later stages rectal pain, Treatment/ Interventions antinausia medicine, Treatment/ Interventions antibiotics to help treat or prevent a bacterial infection, Treatment/ Interventions referral to enterostomal therapist, Risk Factors inherited gene mutations, Colon cancer Risk Factors, Signs and symptoms later stages tiredness or weakness all the time, Diagnostic Findings colonoscopy provides access for polypectomy and biopsy, Underlying Pathophysiology right side tumour grows outwards from one location in the bowel wall, Underlying Pathophysiology tumors in the sigmoid and descending colon undergo circumferencial growth and constrict the intestinal lumen, Diagnostic Findings colonoscopy visualization of colon up to ileocecal valve, activation of certain oncogenes that alter colonic mucosa cell division increased proliferation of colonic mucosa forms polyps that can be transformed into malignant tumors, Diagnostic Findings proctoscopy or sigmoidoscopy visualization of lower GI tract, Signs and symptoms later stages cramping abdominal pain or a feeling of always having a full abdomen, Underlying Pathophysiology Adenocarcinomas: Tumor tha arise from the glandular epithelial tissue of the colon.