Clinical staging

To detect metastases, the following examinations are recommended:

• CEA level
• Liver: UltraSound or CT scan or MRI (depending on accessibility of the oncology center to these technologies)
• Chest: Rx thorax or low radiation CT scan
• Adenopathy: CT scan

cTNM: pre-treatment clinical classification, based on clinical examination, imaging, endoscopy, biopsy, surgical exploration or other.