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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Cmap Week 6, PEFR, VC, FEV1, FEV1/VC, FEF25-75 Results Consistent w/ Asthma VC normal or below 80%, FEV1 below 80%, FEV1/VC below 80%, FEF25-75 below 80%, PEFR below 80%, Prevents conversion of Arachidonic acid to leukotrienes Action ↓Smooth Muscle constriction, eosinophil counts, and edema, Airway Obstruction In severe attacks Throacic volume increased, Predisposition of allergic Type 1 hypersensitivity Stimulation of B Cells to produce IgE, which binds to mast cell surfaces, ↓ Tissue Infliltration ↓ Mediator Release Leads to ↓Allergic Inflammation ↓Asthma symptoms & exacerbation, Second Exposure Response Early (0-2 hours), Leukotriene Antagonist Types Receptor Inhibitors, Pharmacologic ???? Antihistamines, Environmental Factors leads to Atropy: predispotition to allergic hyper-sensitivity in airways, Histamines, leukotrienes, and other inflammatory mediators via mast cells Early-phase allergic response Cysteinyl leukotrines, Oral Second generation Mechanism of action All antihistamines are reversible, competitive antagonists at histaminic (H1) receptors. They act by inhibiting binding of circulating histamine to its receptor site, but do not prevent histamine release., Airways Causes Bronchiole Constriction, suppression of cytokines and chemokines will result in reduced inflammation, Alpha 2 Adrenergic Agonists Examples Oral, Prevents conversion of Arachidonic acid to leukotrienes Action ↓Smooth Muscle constriction, eosinophil counts, and edema, Cytokines associated symptoms Sneezing, Nasal itching, Rhinorrhea, Nasal obstruction (congestion), Asthma Control Test Results Consistent w/ Uncontrolled Asthma Score of 19 or less, Eosinophils to Skin, Airway remodeling Leads to Decreased Ventilation of Alveoli, Bronchial smooth muscle contraction Leads to Decreased Ventilation of Alveoli