A systematic process involves the definition of a problem, the searching of alternative solutions in general through models, and the selection of the best alternative that will eventually decide the course of action.
The systematic process in decision making in management or scientific approach involves the following steps:
1. Definition of a problem for analysis
2. Observation
3. Declaration of hypotheses
4. Design of experiments where measurement is involved
5. Testing of hypothesis
The complexity of systems in management forces the analyst to use simplified models to capture the relevant relationships.
Mathematical models have shown to be very effective in helping to find the best alternative to a number of diverse situations.
Turban, E. and J.R Meredith (1985): Fundamentals of Management Science. Business Publications, Inc.